What are the two roles of cell division?

The two primary roles of cell division are enabling the development of fertilized eggs and ensuring the continuity of generations. During embryonic development, a fertilized egg undergoes numerous rounds of cell division to form a multicellular organism. This process involves growth and differentiation, where cells not only multiply but also begin to take on specific functions.

Moreover, cell division plays a crucial role in the life cycle of organisms by allowing for the replication of genetic material and the generation of new cells, which is essential for reproduction and hereditary continuity. In sexually reproducing organisms, this process is vital for creating gametes and facilitating genetic variation in offspring, thus contributing to evolutionary processes.

The other options highlight various functions of cells that may indirectly relate to cell division but do not accurately represent its primary roles. For instance, while growth is a consequence of cell division, increasing surface area is not a direct role of the cell division process itself. Similarly, waste elimination, nutrient absorption, movement, and energy production are aspects of cellular metabolism and function that are separate from the fundamental purpose of cell division.