What structure holds the sister chromatids together until anaphase in meiosis II?

The structure that holds sister chromatids together until anaphase in meiosis II is the centromere. The centromere is a specialized region of a chromosome that serves as the attachment point for spindle fibers during cell division. It is essential for the proper segregation of chromosomes during meiosis and mitosis.

During meiosis II, the sister chromatids are aligned at the metaphase plate, and the centromeres ensure that they remain connected until the onset of anaphase. At this stage, the tension from the spindle fibers pulling on the centromeres triggers the chromatids to separate and move toward opposite poles of the cell. This separation is critical for the final stages of meiosis, leading to the formation of four genetically distinct gametes.

Understanding the role of the centromere highlights its importance in maintaining chromatid integrity throughout the division process.