What type of cells does mitosis produce?

Mitosis is a process of cell division that results in two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the original parent cell. This type of cell division is typical in somatic (non-reproductive) cells and is key for growth and tissue repair in multicellular organisms.

In organisms like humans, the parent cell is diploid, meaning it contains two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. During mitosis, this diploid cell divides, ensuring that each of the resulting daughter cells also has the same diploid number of chromosomes. Hence, the daughter cells remain diploid, preserving the chromosome number of the organism across generations of somatic cells.

Haploid cells, on the other hand, typically arise from meiosis, which is a different type of cell division that results in gametes (sperm and egg cells) containing half the number of chromosomes. Trisomic cells refer to cells with an extra chromosome in a specific pair and are the result of nondisjunction rather than a normal cell division process like mitosis. Polyploid cells contain more than two sets of chromosomes, which can occur in certain plants and some animal species but is not a product of standard mitosis in diploid organisms.

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