Which process is characterized by the splitting of glucose without oxygen?

The process characterized by the splitting of glucose without oxygen is indeed classified as an anaerobic process. This refers to any metabolic pathway that occurs in the absence of oxygen and typically involves the breakdown of glucose to release energy. In anaerobic conditions, organisms can utilize fermentation pathways to convert glucose into energy, resulting in byproducts such as lactic acid or ethanol, depending on the organism and the specific type of fermentation involved.

Understanding anaerobic metabolism is crucial, as it enables organisms, including certain bacteria and yeasts, to survive and generate energy in environments where oxygen is scarce or unavailable. This contrasts with aerobic processes, where oxygen is present and leads to the complete oxidation of glucose into carbon dioxide and water, yielding a significantly higher amount of energy.

In summary, the correct identification of this process as anaerobic reflects a fundamental principle of biology concerning energy production in different environmental conditions.